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Weaponising immunity

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From a humble start in a disused World War II army hut, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute has grown to a world-leader in scientific research

Unlike other bodies of knowledge, health and medical science research overwhelmingly benefits, extends, or improves lives when successfully commercialised, or put into practice. In Australia, QIMR Berghofer stands out for its multiple successes over its 75-year history. 

This includes an international pedigree for research on skin cancer, malaria, and other mosquito-borne and infectious diseases, alongside its discovery of genetic risk factors associated with cancer, mental health and chronic disorders.

Its research team is currently leading world-first clinical trials, treating patients with brain cancer, head and neck cancers, multiple sclerosis and post-organ transplant infections.

Discovering genetic risk factors is only the start. QIMR Berghofer is taking its knowledge to the next practical step: immunotherapy.

Using healthy cells to treat sick cells
Cancer touches the lives of most Australians. Chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and surgery are the most common treatments but are invasive and not always successful. Immunotherapy instead uses the patient’s own immune system to fight the disease.

Cellular immunotherapies involve taking blood, either from the patient or a healthy donor, then increasing its white blood cell count, or modifying its killer T cells to target specific proteins on cancer cells, and then infusing this into the patient. Think of white blood cells as your body’s security team: they recognise invaders, and destroy them. Killer T cells are a type of white blood cell which can specifically target cancers.

QIMR Berghofer was the first medical institute in the world to use a T cell immunotherapy to treat an autoimmune disease, through a cellular therapy clinical trial treating multiple sclerosis. This was led by 20-year veteran Professor Rajiv Khanna AO, the founding coordinator of QIMR Berghofer’s Centre for Immunotherapy and Vaccine Development. 

Without any serious side effects, the trial group saw an improvement in symptoms, and quality of life.

QIMR Berghofer is also a leader in using genetically engineered immune cells in bone marrow transplantation to treat blood cancers, which affect more than 10,000 Australians every year. Bone marrow transplants may be the last hope for patients, but can cause a severe reaction if the body rejects them. QIMR Berghofer’s Dr Siok Tey led a clinical trial in which they inserted a “safety switch” gene into the immune cells that would kill them off if they caused complications.

As is the case with most of our leading institutes, a number of QIMR Berghofer’s advances were only made possible with charitable funding. QIMR Berghofer is currently seeking donations from the public for its lifesaving work.


This piece is taken from our upcoming book, Australia's Nobel Laureates, Vol. III, celebrating Australian science and innovation. Taking a whole-of-economy healthcheck on Australia's innovation ecosystem, the book features words from industry, academia, and Government.
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